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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Intercultural bilingual education in Guatemala ： ウィキペディア英語版 Intercultural bilingual education in Guatemala Intercultural bilingual education in Guatemala was begun as part of a twentieth-century educational reform effort intended to promote the country's cultural diversity. Its programs merge Mayan language and culture with Spanish language and Ladino culture, representing a shift from the assimilationist policy of educational programs that promote Spanish literacy in order to reduce the use of indigenous languages. Through the twentieth-century, education reform evolved from Castilianization and the Bilingual Castilianization Program (1965) to the National Bilingual Education Project (1980). Each program aimed at increasing Spanish fluency.〔 In 1985, the Constitution legally officialized bilingual education and the Ministry of Education formed the ''Programa Nacional de Educación Bilingüe'' (also called PRONEBI). PRONEBI developed from the National Bilingual Education Project, which ran from 1980–1984, and aimed to provide bilingual education to rural indigenous children. PRONEBI differed from former education programs by recognizing the value of Mayan culture and language within Guatemala's multicultural and plurilinguistic context. Thus, PRONEBI has played a major role in institutionalizing bilingual education that is also intercultural. As of 2005, there were bilingual programs in Q’eqchi’, Achi’, Kaqchikel, Ch’orti’, Poqomam, Mam, Q’anjob’al, Garifuna, Mopán, K’iche’, Tz’utujil, and Xinka. Most recently, the Ministry of Education’s Strategic Plan for Education 2012-2016 has cited bilingual, intercultural education as a national priority. Advances in intercultural bilingual education programs in Guatemala have received both criticism and support from Mayan activists, indigenous communities, and international scholars and activists. == Context == 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Intercultural bilingual education in Guatemala」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.